Essential Verbs

The three pillars of Spanish conversation: Being (Ser), Having (Tener), and Calling Oneself (Llamarse).

SER
To Be (Permanent)
Yo
Soy
I am
Eres
You are (informal)
Él / Ella / Usted
Es
He/She is / You are (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras
Somos
We are
Vosotros / Vosotras
Sois
You all are (Spain)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes
Son
They are / You all are

💡 Using SER: Nationality & Professions

Use Ser to ask where someone is from (permanent origin) or what they do for a living (identity).

Q:¿De dónde eres?

Where are you from? (Informal)

A:Soy de España.

I am from Spain.

Q:¿De dónde es usted?

Where are you from? (Formal)

A:Soy de México.

I am from Mexico.

Q:¿Qué eres?

What are you? (Profession)

A:Soy profesor.

I am a teacher.

Q:¿En qué trabajas?

What do you work in? (Informal)

A:Trabajo como médico.

I work as a doctor.

Q:¿A qué se dedica usted?

What do you do for a living? (Formal)

A:Soy ingeniero.

I am an engineer.

TENER
To Have
Yo
Tengo
I have
Tienes
You have (informal)
Él / Ella / Usted
Tiene
He/She has / You have (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras
Tenemos
We have
Vosotros / Vosotras
Tenéis
You all have (Spain)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes
Tienen
They have / You all have

💡 Using TENER: Age

In Spanish, you don't "be" an age, you have years.

Q:¿Cuántos años tienes?

How old are you? (Informal)

A:Tengo veinte años.

I am 20 years old.

Q:¿Cuántos años tiene usted?

How old are you? (Formal)

A:Tengo treinta años.

I am 30 years old.

LLAMARSE
To Call Oneself (Name)
Yo
Me llamo
I call myself
Te llamas
You call yourself
Él / Ella / Usted
Se llama
He/She calls themselves
Nosotros / Nosotras
Nos llamamos
We call ourselves
Vosotros / Vosotras
Os llamáis
You all call yourselves
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes
Se llaman
They call themselves

💡 Using LLAMARSE: Introductions

The standard way to say your name.

Q:¿Cómo te llamas?

What is your name? (Informal)

A:Me llamo Ana.

My name is Ana.

Q:¿Cómo se llama usted?

What is your name? (Formal)

A:Me llamo Roberto.

My name is Roberto.